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SUBMARINE MINES
201
The explosives most commonly used in submarine mines
are wet and dry gun-cotton, dynamite, and explosive
gelatine compositions. These are superior to gun-powder
because they are not affected by moisture, when a leak in
the casing would cause gun-powder to become useless, and
because they have from six to eight times the expansive
force of gun-powder. Many new higher explosives have
recently been perfected for this use however, which are
said to greatly exceed in destructive force anything which
has been known heretofore. It is claimed for some of the
new explosives that a mine loaded with a charge of five
hundred pounds would have enough bursting force to
rupture the bottom plates of a modern battleship if ex-
ploded within a radius of one hundred feet, provided it
was properly immersed.
Even where the explosion of the mine fails to blow a hole
in the ship’s bottom, the shock of the explosion may cause
serious damage by putting out of commission delicately
adjusted machinery and electrical equipment. The tre-
mendous concussion may also cause the detonation of the
high explosives stored in the magazines of the ship, causing
her complete destruction.